Garments Trimmings | Garments Accessories | Marker | Interlining | Garment Pattern | Fabric Spreading | Lining

Garments Trimmings:
Those accessories which are used in sewing section are called trimmings.

Garments Accessories:
Fabric is the basic material in garment manufacturing. Except fabric, the other materials are known as accessories. For shirt making there are some accessories are commonly used.

Circular Knitting Machine | Different Parts of Circular Knitting Machine

Circular knitting machine: The principle for circular knitting machine feed from the knitting elements yarn moves from the yarn supply or creel through guides to stop motions control above the machine, then back down to tension controls and yarn feeding devices to the knitting elements. Quality products can be produced only on stop motion and yarn feeding functions are properly set.

The Knitting Action of the Single Needle Bar Raschel Machine

Raschel needles tend to have longer latches than weft knitting machine needles, to ensure that the wrapped yarns of the overlap goes onto and not below the open latch.There is a trick-plate extending the full width of the machine, whose walls preserve the needle spacing and whose verge provides an edge for a clean

knock-over. 

Warp Knitting | Types of Warp Knitting | Uses of Warp Knitted Fabric

 Warp knitting represents the fastest method of producing fabric from yarn. Warp knitting differs from weft knitting in that each needle loops its own thread. The needles produce parallel rows of loops simultaneously that are interlocked in a zigzag pattern. Fabric is produced in sheet or flat form using one or more sets of warp yarn. The yarns are fed from warp beams to a row of needles extending across the width of the machine.

The knitting action of the compound needle warp knitting machine

Figure: A illustrates the knitting action of a compound needle warp knitting machine:

1 Needle rise and guide bar swing. With the sinkers forward holding down the fabric, the hooks and tongues rise, with the hook rising faster, until the head of the latter is level with the guide holes and is open.The guides then swing through to the back of the machine.

2 The overlap and return swing. The guides shog for the overlap and swing to the front of the machine; immediately, the hooks and the tongues start to descend with the tongues descending more slowly, thus closing the hooks.

The knitting action of the compound needle warp knitting machine

Figure: A illustrates the knitting action of a compound needle warp knitting machine:

1 Needle rise and guide bar swing. With the sinkers forward holding down the fabric, the hooks and tongues rise, with the hook rising faster, until the head of the latter is level with the guide holes and is open.The guides then swing through to the back of the machine.

2 The overlap and return swing. The guides shog for the overlap and swing to the front of the machine; immediately, the hooks and the tongues start to descend with the tongues descending more slowly, thus closing the hooks.

Specifications of Needle

The typical “European” specifications for a needle includes a word, a number (usually a fourdigit
number) and a final combination of letters and numbers.
For example: Vota 78.60 G.02
The capital letter at the beginning of the word ( “V”), identifies the origin of the needle
(obtained from a wire, pressed or die-cut), the type, the number of butts and the type of tail.
The other capital letters have a very precise meaning, except for the vowels “e” and “a” which
are added

Classification of Knitting Machines

The machines used for the manufacturing of knit fabrics can be divided into machines with
individually driven needles and needle bar machines.
The former type of machine incorporates needles which are moved individually by cams acting
on the needle butt; they are used for producing weft knits and are subdivided into circular
knitting machines and flat-bed knitting machines.

The needle-bed of a knitting machine

The needle-bed of a knitting machine is made up by the needles. As we said before, the needles
can be all fixed on the same needle bar (picture 14) or can be driven individually in a grooved
plate, according to the type of knitting machine.
All knitting machines can be equipped with one or two needle-beds, according to the model.

Sinker | Sinker Operations of Knitting Machine

The sinker is the second primary knitting element. It is a thin metal plate with an individual or a collective action operating approximately at right angles from the hook side of the needle bed, between adjacent needles.

Sinkers capable of producing loop fabric are well known in the knitting industry. In such machines the sinkers generally include a blade having an upper edge which defines a lower knitting level and a nib having an upper edge which is at an upper knitting level.

Basic Knitting Elements of a Circular Knitting Machine

NEEDLES
The needles are the most important stitch forming elements. They are displaced vertically up and down and are mounted into the tricks or cuts of the knitting cylinder.
There are three types of needles namely:
1. Latch needle
2. Spring bearded needle 3. Compound needle.
We can divide a needle into three main parts:

Cams | Types of Cams | Knitting cams

Cams are the devices which convert the  rotary machine drive into a suitable reciprocating action for the needles and other elements.The cams are carefully profiled to produce precisely-timed movement and dwell periods and are of two types, engineering cams and knitting cams. The movements may be represented in the form of a time-displacement graph .

How many methods of forming yarn into needle loops

There are three methods of forming the newly-fed yarn into the shape of a needle

loop:

1 (Fig. 1) – by sinking the yarn into the space between adjacent needles using

loop forming sinkers or other elements which approach from the beard side.The

action of a straight bar frame is illustrated. (Other obsolete circular bearded

needle machines such as the sinkerwheel and loopwheel frame employ the same

technique.) The distance SL, which the catch of the sinker moves past the beard

side of the needle, is approximately half the stitch length,

Basic mechanical working process of sinker in knitting technology

The sinker is the second primary knitting element (the needle being the first). It is

a thin metal plate with an individual or a collective action operating approximately

at right angles from the hook side of the needle bed, between adjacent needles. It

may perform one or more of the following functions, dependent upon the machine’s

knitting action and consequent sinker shape and movement:

Loop formation

Holding-down

Knocking-over

The knitting action of the circular rib machine

                            

                        The knitting action of a circular rib machine is shown in Fig. 

(a) Clearing. The cylinder and dial needles move out to clear the plain and rib

loops formed in the previous cycle.

(b) Yarn Feeding. The needles are withdrawn into their tricks so that the old loops

are covered by the open latches and the new yarn is fed into the open hooks.